100 Most Common Legal Terms

Paralegal: A person who is trained to perform various legal tasks but is not licensed to practice law. Incapacity: Lack of sufficient legal, physical or intellectual power to take action. Non-insolvency proceedings in which an applicant or creditor attempts to make a debtor`s future salary dependent on its claim. In other words, the creditor seeks to have part of the debtor`s future salary paid to the creditor for a debt owed to the creditor. Action brought by a plaintiff against a defendant on the basis of a claim that the defendant had failed to comply with a legal obligation that caused harm to the plaintiff. The explanations in this guide are not direct alternatives. While we hope the statements will prompt lawyers to ensure that they only use legal jargon when absolutely necessary, our wording is there to explain ideas and concepts rather than giving strict legal definitions. Common Law – The legal system that originated in England and is now used in the United States. It is based on court decisions and not on laws adopted by the legislator. In criminal law, the constitutional guarantee guarantee guarantees that an accused receives a fair and impartial trial.

In civil law, the legal rights of a person who is confronted with an adverse act that threatens freedom or property. WARRANTMost is usually a court order authorizing law enforcement officers to make an arrest or conduct a search. An affidavit requesting an arrest warrant must prove probable reason by setting out the facts on which the request is based. tort – Civil injustice or breach of an obligation to another person as established by law. A very common tort is the negligent driving of a motor vehicle, which results in property damage and bodily injury in a car accident. Recourse: Recourse to claim damages or assert legal action. The law as set out in previous court decisions. Synonymous with precedent. Similar to the common law, which stems from tradition and judicial decisions. The terms and statements refer to the law in England and Wales. BANKRUPTCIESjudicial regime, in which most of the debts of a person deemed insolvent are released from the responsibility of his debts by entering into court-approved agreements for partial repayment. Legal issue: Disputed point of law subject to a judicial decision.

Informed consent: Consent given after full disclosure of constitutional and other legal rights that affect consent or not. Visit CLATalogue for more questions on the legal reasoning of CLAT 2020. The legal system, which originated in England and is now used in the United States, is based on the articulation of legal principles in a historical sequence of court decisions. The principles of the common law may be amended by legislation. Class Action: A lawsuit brought by a limited number of members on behalf of a larger group, all of whom have a common right or harm. All financial interests of the debtor at the time of filing the application for insolvency. The estate technically becomes the temporary rightful owner of all the debtor`s assets. The Glossary of Legal Terms defines more than 100 of the most common legal terms in easy-to-understand language.

The terms are listed in alphabetical order and can be best accessed by selecting a letter here: A full-time attorney employed by federal courts to provide legal defense to defendants who cannot afford a lawyer. The judiciary administers the Federal Defence Lawyers Programme in accordance with the Criminal Justice Act. Residence: Temporary suspension of legal proceedings by court order. The chapter of the Bankruptcy Code, which provides for the adjustment of the debts of a “family farmer” or a “family fisherman”, as defined in the Bankruptcy Code. For one important reason: with sufficient legal justification to take action. A lawsuit in which one or more members of a major group or class of persons or other organizations sue on behalf of the entire group. The district court must determine that the class action claims contain legal or factual similarities before the action can be sued as a class action. THE LEGAL IMPOSITION OF AN ENFORCEABLE SENTENCE FOR A CRIMINAL OFFENCE. Also known as DEATY PENALTY. The study of the law and the structure of the legal system Written declaration filed in the context of a judicial or appeal procedure explaining the legal and factual arguments of one page. Right to privacy: A generally accepted legal right to be left alone and to live a life free from publicity or unwarranted intrusion.

A violation of the right to privacy may give rise to a cause of action or a tort claim. A court decision in a previous case with facts and legal issues similar to a legal dispute currently being heard by a court. Judges “generally follow precedents,” that is, they apply the principles established in previous cases to rule on new cases that have similar facts and raise similar legal issues. A judge will disregard precedents if a party can prove that the previous case was tried incorrectly or that it differed significantly from the current case in some way. Instructions from a judge to the jury before it begins to deliberate on the factual questions it must answer and the legal rules it must apply. Habeas Corpus – A memoir often used to bring a prisoner to justice to determine the lawfulness of his detention. A prisoner who wants to argue that there is no sufficient reason to be detained would file a writ of arrest in habeas corpus. It can also be used to bring a person into custody to court, to testify or to be prosecuted.

The wording used in the act changes. Many lawyers now adopt a simple English style. But there are still legal phrases that baffle non-lawyers. This guide is meant to help in two ways: Read CLATapult`s article on offer and acceptance here. Also try their mockery for more questions of legal argumentation practice. Continued: A temporary stay or postponement of legal proceedings. The most common criterion for assessing undue hardship in the excusability of a student loan includes three conditions: (1) The debtor – based on income and current expenses – cannot maintain a minimum standard of living if he or she is forced to repay the loans; (2) there are indications that the situation is likely to continue for a significant part of the repayment period; and (3) the debtor made good faith efforts to repay the loans. More for you: Definition of the arrest warrant (law)Zero and nullityCarce vs prison vs prison systemState of law vs justice”I feel obliged to tell you » MeaningDefinition of human resources and most commonly used terms . Rule against legal formalities and informal e-mail phrases A legal procedure to deal with debt problems of individuals and companies; in particular, a case filed under one of the chapters of Title 11 of the United States Code (the Bankruptcy Code). This article specializes in lawyers. The list contains the most important legal terms in alphabetical order.

Each word contains a definition and an example sentence. Government agency empowered to resolve disputes. Judges sometimes use the term “court” to refer to themselves in the third person, as in “the court read the pleadings.” Jurisprudence: The collective legal system, including jurisprudence; the philosophy of law. Bail – guarantee for the release of a criminal accused or a witness from pre-trial detention (usually in the form of money) in order to guarantee his appearance on the day and time fixed. Fraud Act: The requirement that certain types of contracts must be in writing to be enforceable. Examples of such contracts are: contracts for the purchase or sale of land and agreements which, according to their conditions, cannot be fulfilled within one year. Execute: to complete a legal document, for example by signing. An injunction that automatically stops lawsuits, seizures, seizures and most collection activities against the debtor as soon as an application for insolvency is filed. Party who has the right to be heard by the court on a matter to be decided in the event of bankruptcy. The U.S. debtor, trustee or receiver, case trustee, and creditors are interest groups for most cases.

Clause: Paragraph or subdivision of a legal document such as a contract. With regard to civil actions in “justice” and not in “law”. In English legal history, courts could order the payment of damages and could not afford any other remedy (see Damages). A separate “justice” court might ask someone to do something or stop doing something (e.g., injunction). In U.S. jurisprudence, federal courts have both legal and just power, but the distinction is still important. For example, a jury trial is usually available in “legal cases,” but not in “equity cases.” An X-ray image is a useful diagnostic tool for visualizing the structures of the body. However, X-rays are limited compared to other sophisticated imaging options that are now available. However, X-rays are a great place to start.

The most common application of X-rays is the diagnosis of fractures and dislocations, certain tumors, tuberculosis, osteoarthritis and other structural abnormalities.